Vue.component('supd-overview', { template: '
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Statin Use in Persons with Diabetes (SUPD)

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Description

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The percentage of individuals ages 40 to 75 years who were dispensed a medication for diabetes that receive a statin medication.

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A higher rate indicates better performance.

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Additional Information

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Intended Use

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Performance measurement for health plans.

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Data Sources

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Prescription claims data.

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Denominator

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Individuals ages 40 to 75 years with ≥2 prescription claims on different dates of service for any diabetes medication during the measurement year.

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Exclusions

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  • Hospice
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  • End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
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  • Rhabdomyolysis or myopathy
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  • Pregnancy, lactation, or fertility
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  • Liver disease
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  • Pre-diabetes
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  • Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
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Numerator

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Individuals from the denominator with ≥1 prescription claims for a statin medication during the measurement year.

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' }); Vue.component('supd-ref-1', { template: '' + 'American Diabetes Association. 1. Improving Care and Promoting Health in Populations: Standards of medical Care in Diabetes-2018. Diabetes Care. 2018; 41(Suppl 1):S7-S12. PMID: 29222372.' + '1' + '' }); Vue.component('supd-ref-2', { template: '' + 'American Diabetes Association. 9. Cardiovascular Disease and Risk Management: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2018. Diabetes Care. 2018; 41(Suppl1):S86-S104. PMID: 29222380.' + '2' + '' }); Vue.component('supd-ref-3', { template: '' + 'Ali MK, Bullard KM, Saaddine JB, Cowie CC, Imperatore G, Gregg EW. Achievement of goals in U.S. diabetes care, 1999-2010. N Engl J Med. 2013; 368(17):1613-24. PMID: 23614587.' + '3' + '' }); Vue.component('supd-ref-4', { template: '' + 'Khunti K, Ceriello A, Cos X, De Block C. Achievement of guideline targets for blood pressure, lipid, and glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2018; 137:137-148. PMID: 29325774.' + '4' + '' }); Vue.component('supd-ref-5', { template: '' + 'Naeem F, McKay G, Fisher M. Cardiovascular outcomes trials with statins in diabetes. British Journal of Diabetes. 2018; 18(1):7-13.' + '5' + '' }); Vue.component('supd-ref-6', { template: '' + 'Stone NJ, Robinson JG, Lichtenstein AH, et al. American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. 2013 ACC/AHA guideline on the treatment of blood cholesterol to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014; 63(25 Pt B):2889-934. PMID: 24239923.' + '6' + '' }); Vue.component('supd-ref-7', { template: '' + 'Kutner JS, Blatchford PJ, Taylor DH Jr, et al. Safety and benefit of discontinuing statin therapy in the setting of advanced, life-limiting illness: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Intern Med. 2015; 175(5):691-700. PMID: 25798575.' + '7' + '' }); Vue.component('supd-ref-8', { template: '' + 'National Kidney Foundation. KDOQI Clinical Practice Guideline for Diabetes and CKD: 2012 Update. Am J Kidney Dis. 2012; 60(5):850-86. PMID: 23067652.' + '8' + '' }); Vue.component('supd-ref-9', { template: '' + 'Kutner JS, Blatchford PJ, Taylor DH Jr, et al. Safety and benefit of discontinuing statin therapy in the setting of advanced, life-limiting illness: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Intern Med. 2015; 175(5):691-700. PMID: 25798575.' + '9' + '' }); Vue.component('supd-rationale', { template: '
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Rationale

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Diabetes care in the United States has improved over recent years, evident by increased proportion of patients meeting A1C, blood pressure, and LDL goals.' + '' + ' Glycemic control can reduce macrovascular and microvascular complications, blood pressure reduction reduces macrovascular disease, and lipid control reduces cardiovascular risk.' + '' + ' Still, nearly half of all patients with diabetes are not meeting established guideline goals.' + '' + ' Recent review found the proportion of patients meeting LDL goals to range from 13.3 to 76.9% in global studies, and the proportion of diabetics meeting LDL goals in the United States ranged from 52 to 73% in studies since 2010.' + '' + ' Greatest reduction in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD)–coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, or peripheral arterial disease–is seen when risk factors are addressed in combination.' + '' + ' All patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and type 1 diabetics with poor glycemic control display lipid abnormalities that result in an increased risk of developing ASCVD. Cardiovascular disease is established as the major cause of morbidity and mortality among patients with diabetes, and similarly is the major driver of cost of diabetes management.' + '' + '

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The American Diabetes Association and American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines congruently recommend moderate- to high-intensity statins to be used as a first line lipid-lowering agent for patients with diabetes age 40-75 for prevention of cardiovascular disease.' + ',' + ' The benefit of statin use in patients with diabetes has been proven in several analyses of multiple studies involving thousands of patients for both primary and secondary ASCVD prevention, and both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.' + '' + ' Statin use in diabetic patients decreases incidence of cardiovascular events by 21% per 39 mg/dL decrease in LDL and decreases mortality by 9% per 39 mg/dl decrease.' + '' + " Statin use should always be accompanied by lifestyle modifications focused on diet and weight loss to improve a patient's lipid panel." + '' + '

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This Pharmacy Quality Alliance (PQA) endorsed measure was created to determine the proportion of patients who were dispensed two diabetes medications within a year that also receive a statin medication. This measure uses pharmacy claims as a proxy for diabetes diagnosis. The reliability of this proxy method was reconfirmed by two independent organizations in partnership with PQA. Results of this investigation found that using a minimum of 2 diabetic prescriptions is a valid predictor of a diabetes diagnosis; both organizations found an above 90% positive predictive value.

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Individuals in hospice care are excluded because the use of statins is meant for long-term therapeutic benefit, as these medications decrease the risk of cardiovascular events, and these therapeutic regimens may not be present or useful at the end of life or for palliative care.' + '' + ' Individuals with ESRD are excluded because evidence from major clinical trials has failed to demonstrate benefits for statin therapy in patients with ESRD.' + ',' + '

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With this measure, a higher proportion indicates a better result. In using claims data, it is not possible to capture patient specific reasons to not receive a statin, for example, allergy or adverse reaction, so the performance rate goal is not expected to be 100%. Furthermore, these situations are not likely to disproportionately impact performance across plans.

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This is a health plan performance measure that retrospectively evaluates the percentage of individuals ages 40 to 75 years who were dispensed medications for diabetes that receive a statin medication during the measurement year using administrative data. This measure is not designed to be used for clinical decision making. It is intended for retrospective, population level assessment and is not intended to guide individual patient-care decisions.

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Last Update: 7 Oct 2019

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FAQs

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The SUPD measure is classified as a process measure. This aligns with the NQF definition for process measures, as prescribing a statin is a "step that should be followed to provide good care" rather than an outcome of such care. Process measures focus on whether actions that have been shown to benefit patients have been followed. Examples include: whether patients with diabetes receive HbA1c testing during the measurement period; whether adolescents have received recommended immunizations; or whether stroke patients have received clot-busting medications in a timely manner.
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Statins are taken for the long-term therapeutic benefits, which include decreased risk of cardiovascular events. These therapeutic regimens may not be present or useful at the end of life or for palliative care. As a result, individuals in hospice care are excluded from the SUPD measure.

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Individuals with ESRD are excluded because evidence from major clinical trials has failed to demonstrate benefits for statin therapy in patients with ESRD.,

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', data: function() { return { active: active } } }); Vue.component('supd', { template: '
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