Vue.component('mtpr-overview', { template: '
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Medication Therapy Problem Resolution (MTPR)

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Description

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The percentage of medication therapy interventions that resolve medication therapy problems among individuals participating in a Medication Therapy Management (MTM) program.

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A higher rate indicates better performance.

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Additional Information

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Intended Use

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Monitoring measure for MTM programs.

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Data Sources

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MTM program encounter data captured using SNOMED CT and RxNORM codes.

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Denominator

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Medication therapy interventions (MTIs) among individuals participating in an MTM program during the measurement year

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  • Limited to MTIs with corresponding medication therapy problem (MTP) and RxCUI (RxNorm) codes.
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Exclusions

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None.

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Numerator

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MTIs from the denominator that were performed, and therefore resolved the corresponding MTP within 60 days from the date of the MTI.

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' }); Vue.component('mtpr-ref-1', { template: '' + "Joint Commission of Pharmacy Practitioners. The Pharmacist's Patient Care Process [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2017 Jun 7]. Available from: https://jcpp.net/patient-care-process/." + '1' + '' }); Vue.component('mtpr-ref-2', { template: '' + 'Cipolle RJ, Strand LM, Morley PC. Pharmaceutical Care Practice: The Patient-Centered Approach to Medication Management. 3rd ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2012.' + '2' + '' }); Vue.component('mtpr-ref-3', { template: '' + 'Ramalho de Oliveira D, Brummel AR, Miller DB. Medication therapy management: 10 years of experience in a large integrated health care system. J Manag Care Pharm. 2010; 16:185-95. PMID: 20331323.' + '3' + '' }); Vue.component('mtpr-ref-4', { template: '' + 'Perlroth D, Marrufo G, Montesinos A, Medication therapy management in chronically ill populations: final report. CMS Center for Medicare & Medicaid Innovation. 2013 [cited 2017 May 26]. Available from: http://innovation.cms.gov/Files/reports/MTM_Final_Report.pdf.' + '4' + '' }); Vue.component('mtpr-ref-5', { template: '' + 'Bunting BA, Smith BH, Sutherland SE. The Asheville Project: Clinical and economic outcomes of a community-based long-term medication therapy management program for hypertension and dyslipidemia. J Am Pharm Assoc. 2008 Jan 48(1):23-21. PMID: 18192127.' + '5' + '' }); Vue.component('mtpr-ref-6', { template: '' + 'Ferries E, Dye J, Hall B, et al. Comparison of Medication Therapy Management Services and Their Effects on Health Care Utilization and Medication Adherence. J Manag Care Spec Pharm. 2019 Jun;25(6):688-695. PMID: 31134865.' + '6' + '' }); Vue.component('mtpr-ref-7', { template: '' + 'Truong HA, Groves CN, Congdon HB, Dang DT, Botchway R, Thomas J. Potential cost savings of medication therapy management in safety-net clinics. Journal of the American Pharmacists Association. 2015 May 1;55(3):269-72. PMID: 25816340.' + '7' + '' }); Vue.component('mtpr-ref-8', { template: '' + 'Viswanathan M, Kahwati LC, Golin CE, et al. Medication Therapy Management Interventions in Outpatient Settings. Comparative Effectiveness Review No. 138. AHRQ Publication No. 14(15)-EHC037-EF. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2014 [cited 2017 Jun 7]. Available from: https://effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/medication-therapy-management_research.pdf. Accessed 12/3/18.' + '8' + '' }); Vue.component('mtpr-ref-9', { template: '' + 'Pharmacy Quality Alliance. PQA Medication Therapy Problem Categories Framework. 2017 [cited 2019 Mar 29]. Available from: https://www.pqaalliance.org/assets/Measures/PQA%20MTP%20Categories%20Framework.pdf.' + '9' + '' }); Vue.component('mtpr-ref-10', { template: '' + 'Announcement of Calendar Year 2017 Medicare Advantage Capitation Rates and Medicare Advantage and Part D Payment Policies and Final Call Letter. 2016 [cited 2017 May 5]. Available from: https://www.cms.gov/medicare/health-plans/medicareadvtgspecratestats/downloads/announcement2017.pdf' + '10' + '' }); Vue.component('mtpr-rationale', { template: '
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Rationale

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' + 'Medication Therapy Management (MTM) services are intended to optimize medication use to improve therapeutic outcomes and reduce the risk of adverse medication events. The optimization of medication use is accomplished by following a consistent patient care process.' + '' + ' In that patient care process, providers are instructed to assess each medication for appropriateness, effectiveness, safety, and patient adherence. These four areas are the cornerstone of identifying medication therapy problems (MTPs). An MTP is defined as any undesirable event experienced by a patient that involves, or is suspected to involve medication therapy, and that interferes with achieving the desired goals of therapy and requires professional judgment to resolve.' + '' + ' MTPs can include unnecessary medications, ineffective medication, non-optimal dosages, need for additional monitoring, adverse events, adherence concerns, and cost issues.' + '

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' + 'Several studies have assessed the impact of MTM services in disease-specific as well as overall patient outcomes. A study that evaluated clinical, economic and humanistic outcomes over 10 years of MTM services found that of 12,851 medical conditions in 4,849 patients, 7,068 conditions (55%) improved during the course of MTM services.' + '' + ' The most common MTPs that were identified were a need for additional therapy (n= 10,780, 28.1%) and sub-therapeutic dosage (n=10,100, 26.1%). In 2013, CMS conducted a retrospective cohort analysis utilizing a quantitative and qualitative approach to evaluate the effects of different MTM programs.' + '' + ' The study concluded that MTM programs improved medication adherence and quality of prescribing for chronic disease states (congestive heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and diabetes). Additional results showed that MTM programs decreased hospital utilization and achieved annual per-patient hospital cost savings of $526 in patients with CHF and $399 in patients with diabetes. A quasi-experimental study found that patients with hypertension and/or dyslipidemia receiving education and long-term MTM saw improvements in several clinical indicators over the course of the 6-year study (mean systolic blood pressure decreased from 137.3 to 126.3 mm/Hg; mean LDL cholesterol decreased from 127.2 to 108.3 mg/dL; CV event rate declined from 77 to 38 per 1,000 person-years compared to the historical period), as well as reduced costs (mean cost per CV event during study period was $9,931 compared to $14,343 during the historical period).' + '' + ' A randomized controlled trial found that of the 52 patients with diabetes and hypertension who were enrolled in the study, 48% (baseline 16%) of the patients achieved goal blood pressure in the intervention group after receiving MTM services for 9 months, whereas, only 7% (baseline 20%) of patients reached goal blood pressure in the control group (p=0.00).' + '

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' + 'Furthermore, a retrospective study of Medicare Part D beneficiaries found that comprehensive medication reviews (CMRs) are most effective when they address pre-identified MTPs. When used in patients with preidentified MTPs, CMR completion was associated with a significant reduction in acute inpatient admissions (36.8 fewer admissions per 1,000 patients, 95% CI 25-49).' + '' + ' Additionally, receiving targeted medication reviews resulted in a reduction of 55.2 fewer acute inpatient admissions per 1,000 individuals (95% CI = 29-81) in 2014, and a 30.8 reduction (95% CIU = 20-42) in 2015.' + '' + ' Due to these optimizations in health services use, MTM has been shown to have a positive return on investment (ROI). A study of patients with chronic conditions using multiple medications in primary care safety net clinics found that the mean cost avoidance per MPR identified was between $141-$755, leading to a ROI ranging from 1.5 to 1.25.' + '' + ' These findings align with a 10-year study to explore outcomes related to MTM in a healthcare delivery system that reported a ROI of $1.29 per $1, also suggesting that MTM services reduce the total cost of healthcare.' + '' + '

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' + 'In 2014, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) funded a meta-analysis to determine the effectiveness of MTM interventions in the outpatient settings.' + '' + ' They found that the use of non-standardized measures within their evidence often limited their ability to draw conclusions. They also recognized that studies are largely practice-based and incorporate substantial heterogeneity in specific intervention elements.' + '' + ' This lack of consistency in the data limited their ability to evaluate the outcomes.' + '

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' + "Although there is evidence demonstrating the clinical impact of MTM services, the lack of standardized documentation has been a barrier to developing meaningful quality measures. To address this need, the Pharmacy Quality Alliance's (PQA's) Measure Development Team 9 created the " + 'PQA MTP Categories Framework' + '' + ', a multi-stakeholder consensus document, to support the consistent categorization of MTPs for use in MTM quality measures. The framework was informed by numerous MTM providers and practices, and MTP categories established in the literature,' + '' + ' and may evolve over time based on use and user feedback.' + '

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' + 'To further promote standardized documentation, the MTP categories, medication therapy interventions, and the status of the interventions—to indicate MTP resolution—are cross-walked to Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine Clinical Terms (SNOMED CT) codes. Also, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services has encouraged Part D plan sponsors to develop the capacity to collect and report MTPs using a standard framework and common terminology to document MTPs at the beneficiary-level using standard categories and definitions.' + '' + '

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' + 'As the purpose of this measure is to promote standardized documentation and reporting of medication therapy interventions by health plan MTM programs, this measure should only be used for monitoring or surveillance purposes and not for accountability programs (e.g., public reporting, benchmarking, external comparisons, performance payments). Moreover, this measure and the MTP Categories Framework may serve as foundational work for the development of additional MTM measures to assess clinical outcomes and quality of care. Ultimately, the use of this measure may be combined with other data for evaluation of the overall effectiveness of MTM programs.' + '

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' }); Vue.component('mtpr-faqs', { template: '
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FAQs

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Monitoring measure are intended to promote standardized documentation and reporting. The measures should be used for standardized reporting requirements for monitoring or surveillance purposes but not for accountability programs.
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The MTPR measure uses MTM program encounter data. Additionally, this measure requires that the encounter data is captured using SNOMED-CT and RxNORM codes.
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The MTP Categories Framework was developed for use within measures to promote consistent documentation of MTPs and the interventions intended to resolve the problems. The medication therapy problems (MTPs) and medication therapy interventions (MTIs) within the framework map to SNOMED-CT codes. These codes are provided within the value sets for this measure.
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The medication therapy intervention (MTI) status is used to identify MTPs that have been resolved within 60 days of the MTIs. The MTI statuses map to SNOMED-CT codes and are provided within the value sets for this measure.

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The documentation that the MTP has been resolved can be based upon communication from the patient or the doctor. The measure does not require validation via administrative claims data.

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This measure looks at the percentage of medication therapy interventions (MTIs) during the measurement period that were resolved. The unit of measure is MTIs—events and not individuals.
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Only include the MTI in the denominator only if the MTI was performed (numerator compliant) prior to the end of the measurement year (or the end of an individual's participation in an MTM program).
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If an MTI is documented less than 60 days of the end of the measurement year and the MTI is not performed as of the end of the measurement year, the MTI should not be included in the denominator (or the numerator).
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', data: function() { return { active: active } } }); Vue.component('mtpr', { template: '
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